ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the application of Chinese guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (2008, Nanchang) on a national scale.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The contents of the guideline and its relevant applied indicators were designed into an initial questionnaire and, after a pre-survey, revised into a formal questionnaire. Then a stratified sampling was selected out of otolaryngology practitioners in the different level hospitals across the country. After a uniform training, the investigators were sent to these different hospitals to conduct questionnaire survey by face to face interview with otolaryngology respondents. Based on the summarized data, statistical analyses on the awareness and practice status of the guideline, together with their influencing factors, were made. SPSS 16.0 software was used to analyze the data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Issuing and withdrawing questionnaires were performed from December 2012 to June 2013 and 1 240 respondents in 350 hospitals from 30 different provinces, municipalities or autonomous regions were effectively investigated. An average awareness and practice rate of 48.7% and 40.8% upon the guideline was acquired, respectively. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.280, P = 0.000) between the two indicators. With linear regression, county-level hospitals, junior practitioners, non-rhino professionals were the risk factors of poor guideline adherence. In addition, respondents form western region showed lower awareness and practice rate than that of ones from central and eastern region.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The adherence on Chinese guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis is nationally low, so popularization of activities should be urgently strengthened, especially in focus areas, focus hospitals, and focus groups.</p>